Othere1

Ohthere sæde his hlaforde, Ælfrede cyninge, þæt he ealra Norðmonna norþmest bude. He cwæð þæt he bude on þæm lande norþweardum wiþ þa Westsæ. He sæde þeah þæt [þæt] land sie swiþe lang norþ þonan, ac hit is eal weste, buton on feawum stowum styccemælum wiciað Finnas, on huntoðe on wintra ond on sumera on fiscaþe be þære sæ.

He sæde þæt he æt sumum cirre wolde fandian hu longe þæt land norþryhte læge, oþþe hwæðer ænig mon be norðan þæm westenne bude. þa for he norþryhte be þæm lande; let him ealne weg | þæt weste land on ðæt steorbord ond þa widsæ on ðæt bæcbord þrie dagas. Þa wæs he swa feor norþ swa þa hwælhuntan firrest faraþ. Þa for he þa giet norþryhte swa feor swa he meahte on þæm oþrum þrim dagum gesiglan. Þa beag þæt land þær eastryhte, oþþe seo sæ in on ðæt lond, he nysse hwæðer, buton he wisse ðæt he ðær bad westanwindes ond hwon norþan ond siglde ða east be lande swa swa he meahte on feower dagum gesiglan. Þa sceolde he ðær bidan ryhtnorþanwindes, for ðæm þæt land beag þær suþryhte, oþþe seo sæ in on ðæt land, he nysse hwæþer. Þa siglde he þonan suþryhte be lande swa swa he mehte on fif dagum gesiglan. Ða læg þær an micel ea uþ in on þæt land. Þa cirdon hie up in on ða ea, for þæm hie ne dorston forþ bi þære ea siglan for unfriþe, for þæm ðæt land wæs eall gebun on oþre healfe þære eas. Ne mette he ær nan gebun land syþþan he from his agnum ham for, ac him wæs ealne weg weste land on þæt steorbord, butan fiscerum ond fugelerum ond huntum, ond þæt wæron eall Finnas, ond him wæs a widsæ on ðæt bæcbord. Þa Beormas hæfdon swiþe wel gebud hira land, ac hie ne dorston þæron cuman. Ac þara Terfinna land wæs eal weste, buton 'ðær' huntan gewicodon, oþþe fisceras, oþþe fugel'er'as.

Fela spella him sædon þa Beormas ægþer ge of hiera agnum lande ge of þæm landum þe ymb hie utan wæron, ac he nyste hwæt þæs soþes wæs, for þæm he hit self ne geseah. Þa Finnas, him þuhte, ond þa Beormas spræcon neah an geþeode. Swiþost he for ðider, toeacan þæs landes sceawunge, for þæm horshwælum, for ðæm hie habbað swiþe æþele ban on hiora toþum-þa teð hie brohton sume þæm cyninge-ond hiora hyd | bið swiðe god to sciprapum. Se hwæl bið micle læssa þonne oðre hwalas: ne bið he lengra ðonne syfan elna lang; ac on his agnum lande is se betsta hwælhuntað: þa beoð eahta and feowertiges elna lange, ond þa mæstan fiftiges elna lange; þara he sæde þæt he syxa sum ofsloge syxtig on twam dagum.

He wæs swyðe spedig man on þæm æhtum þe heora speda on beoð, þæt is on wildrum. He hæfde þagyt, ða he þone cyningc sohte, tamra deora unbebohtra syx hund. Þa deor hi hatað hranas; þara wæron syx stælhranas, ða beoð swyðe dyre mid Finnum, for ðæm hy foð þa wildan hranas mid. He wæs mid þæm fyrstum mannum on þæm lande; næfde he þeah ma ðonne twentig hryðera ond twentig sceapa ond twentig swyna, ond þæt lytle þæt he erede he erede mid horsan. Ac hyra ar is mæst on þæm gafole þe ða Finnas him gyldað. Þæt gafol bið on deora fellum ond on fugela feðerum ond hwales bane ond on þæm sciprapum þe beoð of hwæles hyde geworht ond of seoles. Æghwilc gylt be hys gebyrdum: se byrdesta sceall gyldan fiftyne mearðes fell ond fif hranes ond an beran fel ond tyn ambra feðra ond berenne kyrtel oððe yterenne ond twegen sciprapas; ægþer sy syxtig elna lang: oþer sy of hwæles hyde geworht, oþer of sioles.

He sæde ðæt Norðmanna land wære swyþe lang ond swyðe | smæl. Eal þæt his man aþer oððe ettan oððe erian mæg, þæt lið wið ða sæ; ond þæt is þeah on sumum stowum swyðe cludig, ond licgað wilde moras wið eastan ond wið uppon, emnlange þæm bynum lande. On þæm morum eardiað Finnas. Ond þæt byne land is easteweard bradost ond symle swa norðor swa smælre; eastewerd hit mæg bion syxtig mila brad oþþe hwene brædre, ond middeweard þritig oððe bradre; ond norðweard, he cwæð, þæt hit smalost wære, þæt hit mihte beon þreora mila brad to þæm more, ond se mor syðþan on sumum stowum swa brad swa man mæg on twam wucum oferferan, ond on sumum stowum swa brad swa man mæg on syx dagum oferferan.

Ðonne is toemnes þæm lande suðeweardum, on oðre healfe þæs mores, Sweoland, oþ þæt land norðweard; ond toemnes þæm lande norðweardum Cwena land. Þa Cwenas hergiað hwilum on ða Norðmen ofer ðone mor, hwilum þa Norðmen on hy, ond þær sint swiðe micle meras fersce geond þa moras, ond berað þa Cwenas hyra scyþu ofer land on ða meras ond þanon hergiað on ða Norðmen; hy habbað swyðe lytle scyþa ond swyðe leohte.

Ohthere sæde þæt sio scir hatte Halgoland þe he on bude. He cwæð þæt nan man ne bude be norðan him. Þonne is an port on suðeweardum þæm lande þone man hæt Sciringes heal. Þyder he cwæð þæt man ne mihte geseg|lian on anum monðe, gyf man on niht wicode ond ælce dæge hæfde ambyrne wind; ond ealle ða hwile he sceal seglian be lande; ond on þæt steorbord him bið ærest Iraland, ond þonne ða igland þe synd betux Iralande ond þissum lande; þonne is þis land oð he cymð to Scirincges heale, ond ealne weg on þæt bæcbord Norðweg. Wið suðan þone Sciringes heal fylð swyðe mycel sæ up in on ðæt land, seo is bradre þonne ænig man ofer seon mæge, ond is Gotland on oðre healfe ongean ond syðða[n] Sillende. Seo sæ lið mænig hund mila up in on þæt land. Ond of Sciringes heale he cwæð þæt he seglode on fif dagan to þæm porte þe mon hæt æt Hæþum, se stent betuh Winedum ond Seaxum ond Angle ond hyrð in on Dene. Ða he þiderweard seglode fram Sciringes heale, þa wæs him on þæt bæcbord Denamearc ond on þæt steorbord widsæ þry dagas; ond þa, twegen dagas ær he to Hæþum come, him wæs on þæt steorbord Gotland ond Sillende ond iglanda fela-on þæm landum eardodon Engle, ær hi hider on land coman-ond hym wæs ða twegen dagas on ðæt bæcbord þa igland þe in Denemearce hyrað.

Wulfstan2

Wulfstan sæde þæt he gefore of Hæðum, þæt he wære on Truso on syfan dagum ond nihtum, þæt þæt scip wæs ealne weg yrnende under segle. Weonoðland him wæs on steorbord ond on bæcbord him wæs Langaland ond Læland ond Falster | ond Sconeg, ond þas land eall hyrað to Denemearcan. Ond þonne Burgenda land wæs us on bæcbord, ond þa habbað him sylf cyning. Þonne æfter Burgenda lande wæron us þas land þa synd hatene ærest Blecingaeg ond Meore ond Eowland ond Gotland on bæcbord, ond þas land hyrað to Sweon. Ond Weonodland wæs us ealne weg on steorbord oð Wislemuðan. Seo Wisle is swyðe mycel ea ond hio tolið Witland ond Weonodland, ond þæt Witland belimpeð to Estum, ond seo Wisle lið ut of Weonodlande ond lið in Estmere, ond se Estmere is huru fiftene mila brad; þonne cymeð Ilfing eastan in Estmere of ðæm mere ðe Truso standeð in staðe, ond cumað ut samod in Estmere, Ilfing eastan of Estlande ond Wisle suðan of Winodlande; ond þonne benimð Wisle Ilfing hire naman ond ligeð of þæm mere west ond norð on sæ: for ðy hit man hæt Wislemuða.

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  1. Overgenomen van Janet Bately: The Old English Orosius. Oxford University Press 1980, p.13 t/m 16.
  2. Bately p.16. Slechts het eerste deel van Wulfstans beschrijving is opgenomen. De rest is voor het onderwerp niet relevant.